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Some health risks associated with loneliness include heart disease and stroke, Type 2 diabetes, depression and anxiety, suicidal thoughts and self-harm, dementia, and earlier death.
These risks are not limited to older adults, although they are particularly vulnerable due to factors like decreased mobility, loss of a spouse, or chronic health conditions.
Factors contributing to social isolation
Several factors can contribute to social isolation and loneliness. Understanding these can help identify individuals at risk:
- Disability or lack of mobility: This can significantly limit an individual's ability to engage in social activities, travel, or even leave their home, leading to feelings of isolation. As mobility issues worsen, the risk of social isolation increases.
- Living alone: Living alone can contribute to feelings of loneliness and isolation, especially if an individual lacks regular social interaction or support from family and friends. Factors such as limited mobility or lack of transportation can make this issue worse.
- Loss or separation from friends and family: Experiencing the loss of a loved one or being separated from friends and family can lead to feelings of isolation. This can be due to various factors, including death, relocation, or strained relationships.
- Lack of access to transportation: Without reliable transportation, individuals may struggle to participate in social activities, visit friends and family, or access community resources, contributing to feelings of isolation. This can be particularly challenging for those living in rural or underserved areas.
- Limited social support: Having limited social support networks can leave individuals feeling isolated and without a safety net. This can be due to various factors, including a lack of close relationships, limited community engagement, or social anxiety.
Tips to help older adults stay connected
Social connection is crucial for human survival, and it's especially important for older adults who may be more prone to isolation. Engaging in meaningful activities can boost mood and provide a sense of purpose. Here are some tips for staying connected:
- Learn something new: Sign up for a class in your community to meet new people and stay engaged. Check your local library for book clubs, health & fitness classes, tech & life skill workshops, and social & arts activities.
- Rekindle old passions: Start a hobby you enjoyed in the past to bring joy and fulfillment.
- Volunteer: Help others in your local community through volunteer work.
- Stay in touch: Regularly connect with friends and family through in-person visits, phone calls, emails, video chats, or social media.
- Stay active: Engage in group exercise, like walking clubs or working out with a friend. Before increasing your activity level, consult with your doctor, especially if you have underlying medical conditions.
- Find a community: Join a faith-based or spiritual organization to connect with others who share your values.
- Consider a pet: If possible, adopting a pet can provide companionship and comfort.
When to talk to your healthcare provider
Discussing feelings of loneliness or isolation with your healthcare provider is crucial. They can help you understand your risks and suggest ways to improve your social and emotional well-being. Be open about major life changes or stressors, as well as your feelings and health habits. This information will help your provider better understand your needs and offer personalized advice.
Seeking help in a crisis
If you or someone you know is experiencing thoughts of suicide or is in immediate danger:
- Call 911 or visit the nearest emergency room.
- Contact the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline at 988 or 1-800-273-TALK (8255) for support from a trained crisis counselor.
- Chat with a crisis counselor at 988lifeline.org.
Loneliness is a significant health concern, but there are many ways to address it. By understanding the risks and taking steps to stay connected, individuals can improve their overall well-being and reduce their risk of serious health problems.
