June is Men’s Health Awareness Month, a great opportunity to learn more about testicular cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, this type of cancer most commonly affects men between the ages of 20 and 34. While it is highly treatable, it’s crucial to be aware of the warning signs.
Symptoms of testicular cancer
Key symptoms of testicular cancer include:
- Noticing a lump or swelling in either testicle
- A sensation of heaviness in the scrotum
- A dull ache occurring in the lower belly or groin
- Sudden swelling of the scrotum
- Pain or discomfort in a testicle or the scrotum
- Enlargement or tenderness of breast tissue
- Back pain
If any of these symptoms last more than two weeks, be sure to see your healthcare provider immediately. Detecting testicular cancer early usually makes it easier to treat. Keep in mind that testicular cancer typically occurs in one testicle.
Risk factors
According to the American Cancer Society, some risk factors for testicular cancer include:
- Having an undescended testicle, known as cryptorchidism. If you've had surgery to move the testicle to the scrotum, your risk is still increased.
- Being a young adult. Testicular cancer can occur at any age, but it is most common in teens and young adults.
- A family history of testicular cancer.
- Having the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- Being a non-Hispanic white male or of Native American descent.
If not caught in time, testicular cancer can grow beyond the testicle. It most commonly spreads to the lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. When testicular cancer spreads, it is referred to as metastatic testicular cancer. This condition can be life-threatening, although survival rates are relatively high compared to other cancers.
Early detection
Performing regular self-exams for testicular cancer can aid in early detection. It’s advisable to check your testicles every few weeks and remain vigilant for other warning signs. Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider if you notice anything unusual. If cancer is present, delaying a visit can allow it to spread. Therefore, please consult your provider if you observe any symptoms.
