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What kind of sunscreen should I use for my child?
Your child’s sunscreen should be “broad-spectrum” and an SPF of at least 30. Broad-spectrum sunscreen protects against both UVA and UVB rays from the sun. 95% of UV radiation is from UVA rays, which cause photoaging and increase the risk of skin cancer. They penetrate the skin more deeply, and we are exposed to UVA consistently throughout the year as UVA rays penetrate the ozone layer, clouds and glass. UVB radiation varies in intensity and causes skin tanning and sunburn in the outer layer of the skin.We recommended an SPF of at least 30. SPF (sun protection factor) is a measure of how well a sunscreen can protect against UVB rays. An SPF of 30 blocks approximately 97% of UVB rays. However, the effectiveness of an SPF also depends on the amount of sunscreen applied (see below to learn more!).
What ingredients should I look for or avoid in children’s sunscreen?
Active sunscreen ingredients are either physical blockers, chemical absorbers, or a combination of both. You will find them listed on the back of the sunscreen container.Physical blockers reflect UV light rays. They are primarily mineral based, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.
Chemical absorbers convert UV light rays to nondamaging energy. Examples include avobenzone, octinoxate, octisalate, and oxybenzone. Some of these ingredients are associated with an increased risk of skin allergy.
Generally, we recommend mineral based sunscreens for younger children and children who have sensitive skin or who are prone to skin allergies.
Is sunscreen safe for babies?
The AAP recommends sunscreen for babies over 6 months because of the risk of absorption of chemicals through their thinner skin. For younger infants, AAP recommends avoiding direct sunlight and using sun protective clothing and hats.However, most dermatologists agree that physical, mineral based sunscreens are safer for babies as they are less likely to be absorbed through the skin. Parents who are concerned about a situation where their infant is unable to avoid direct sunlight may consider using a mineral based sunscreen judiciously to exposed areas.
Can I use adult sunscreen on my child?
The key difference between a sunscreen marketed for adults versus children lies in the active ingredients listed. Adult sunscreens may include more chemical absorbers or other fragrances which are not always the best choice for younger children. Older children who do not have skin sensitivities may use adult chemical sunscreens safely. Sunscreens that are entirely mineral based, however, contain the same ingredients and amounts and thus there is no significant difference between products targeted at adults or children.I’ve been reading in the news that sunscreens from Europe and Asia are better than that those in the U.S. Is that true?
In the U.S., sunscreen is classified as a drug, whereas in Europe and Asia, sunscreen is classified as a cosmetic. The regulatory requirements for safety testing are therefore quite different between countries. In 2021, the FDA called for additional testing (including animal testing) and safety data for 12 currently used sunscreen ingredients in the chemical absorber category. As a result, newer synthetic sunscreen ingredients, which are considered effective and safe in other countries, are not included in the sunscreens manufactured here in the U.S.The bottom line, however, is that most Americans use smaller amounts of sunscreen, less often, than recommended. The best sunscreen for your family is the one that you use regularly.
Does sunscreen cause vitamin D deficiency?
Although SPF sunscreens block the UVB rays which are needed to produce vitamin D in our bodies, many studies show that daily sunscreen use does not cause vitamin D deficiency.Is spray sunscreen safe for my child?
Spray sunscreen is safe and can be convenient due to its ease of application. However, there are a few considerations to keep in mind. Shake the product well before spraying. Spray generously and apply the product until the skin glistens, then rub it in for thorough coverage. Be aware of your surroundings. You will want to be in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhalation but not so windy that the product gets blown away. Avoid spraying near the face to prevent inhalation.Are combination sunscreen and insect repellant products safe?
We do not recommend products which combine sunscreen with insect repellent for children, as there could be a risk of over exposure to the chemicals from the insect repellant with multiple applications.My child hates it when I apply sunscreen, any suggestions?
I hear this a lot! Here are some tips that you could try. Apply the sunscreen at home to limit distractions and consider applying it over small sections at a time. You can also engage your child by offering them choices of where to start or which product they would like to use. Explain the importance of sun safety and model sunscreen use with all members of the family. And if all else does not work or if your child prefers it, having them wear sun protective clothing limits the amount of bare skin that needs sunscreen!My family has darker skin tones, and we never get sunburned. Is it necessary for us to use sunscreen?
Although people with darker skin tones may be less prone to sunburn from UVB radiation, they are still at risk for skin cancer from exposure to UVA radiation. A 2014 study from the Journal American Academy of Dermatology found that while darker skin has a lower incidence of skin cancer compared lighter skin, the mortality rate is higher when it does occur. This is often due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.The American Academy of Dermatology recommends the use of sunscreen for people of all skin types.
Does sunscreen expire?
Sunscreens usually have a shelf life of 3 years. After that time, its active ingredients may no longer be effective or may cause skin irritation. Exposure to heat and sunlight may also accelerate the breakdown of a sunscreen’s active ingredients, so sunscreen should be stored in a cool dry place.How much sunscreen should I apply on my child? How often?
Most people don’t apply the amount needed to achieve the SPF on the bottle. Apply sunscreen generously. One full shot glass of sunscreen is the amount recommended for full body coverage. One general guideline that can be helpful is to apply 2 finger lengths (index and middle finger) of sunscreen to the head/neck face, each arm, the upper torso, the lower torso, each upper leg, and each lower leg/foot.Sunscreen is effective once it is applied, but remember, it should also be reapplied every few hours, especially if your child is active outdoors or has been in the water.
