There are different types of IBS:

• IBS with Diarrhea (IBS-D): If you have IBS-D you might experience frequent, loose stools, stomach cramping or belly pain and a sense of urgency to move your bowels.
• IBS with Constipation (IBS-C): If you have IBS-C you might find it hard to move your bowels, or you could have hard stools that are difficult to pass. You might feel that your bowel movements are incomplete or infrequent. People with IBS-C also have pain, discomfort and bloating.
• IBS Mixed (IBS-M): If you have some symptoms from both categories, you might have IBS-Mixed.

Treatment

Lifestyle modifications can be very helpful in managing the symptoms of IBS. Nutrition therapies, supplements, herbal remedies, stress management, physical activity, and sleep hygiene might play some role in making you feel better. There are also some new medications that are helping people with IBS.

In particular, a relatively new system for eating that is catching on and helping improve symptoms for many IBS sufferers is the Low FODMAP Diet. Developed by a researchers at Monash University in Australia, the team determined that foods have varying degrees of fermentability (that is what the “F” stands for). Foods that are highly fermentable in the gastrointestinal tract can contribute to bloating, abdominal pain and bowel changes. Some high FODMAP foods can be osmotically active, meaning they draw excess water into the gut, contributing to loose and sometimes urgent stool production.

The other letters of FODMAP stand for oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols, groups of carbohydrates that are well tolerated by and full of healthful benefits for many people. But for people with IBS, too many of these foods at one time can be troublesome.

Trying out the Low FODMAP Diet is a bit of a controlled experiment, best done with the help of a registered dietitian with digestive health experience.

Our nutrition team at Atrius Health can be a source of helpful counseling and guidance if you are looking for assistance with managing your IBS and other gastrointestinal conditions.